Essay on Developmental Difficulties in Children

1. In this particular case, the child is under one year of age, and as such avoids associating with new faces. I would, therefore, explain that the kid is undergoing sensorimotor stage in the cognitive development stages of Piaget. The child is thus experiencing stranger anxiety.

2. The toddler in this particular case in experiencing a mixture of two stages which are part of the Eriksons theory, the doubt/shame vs. autonomy and guilt vs. initiative (Etebarian, Darban, & Damirchi, 2013). The child is trying to control their environment through the attention seeking actions to pull the attention of the parent.

3. The infant is going through the very first stage in Piagets Cognitive Development Stages also known as the sensorimotor stage. A child in this stage gets to learn how to experience their world via the actions they do. When a child puts bad things in the month, they can differentiate between Yummy and Yucky types of foodstuffs.

4. The Eriksons psychosocial Development Stages highlight a certain stage in the life of a child called the industry vs. inferior stage. In this stage, the child feels incompetent and inferior in particular tasks that they are incapable of performing and becomes more interested and confident in those that they capable of performing. In this scenario, the child seems more skilled in baseball as compared to mathematics.

5. The son failing P.E case can also be considered to fall under the industry vs. inferiority stage. However, the child seems to be having issues with the notion of self-concept. According to the textbook, a child possessing a healthy self-concept tends to be more confident, more willing to try new activities, do better in school, and act more independently. The son seems to have a bad self-concept thus resulting in having an undesirable diet, as well as turning to the only thing he enjoys.

6. The teenager case is a good example of Identity vs. Confusion in Eriksons Development Psychosocial Stages. Adolescents during this stage find out who they want to become by experimenting with their identity and not the desires of their parents (Kuiper, Kirsh, & Maiolino, 2016). The action of this particular teenager seems unpredictable and random, and this is the way in which teenagers discover their true self.

7. The scenario here considering the situation and the age of the son in the Eriksons Stages of Development can fall under the Industry vs. Inferiority stage. Bullying often occurs for two main reasons; one is when the bully feels that they lack something or is less skilled in an area that the person they bully seems good. The other reason is a situation where an inferior individual view another person as even more inferior and in the process makes the bully feel very proud.

8. The situation is similar to no seven above, and as such falls under the industry vs. inferiority. In this stage, children begin to compare themselves against their peers and change themselves according to that.

9. One of the most common stages for toddlers is the sense of autonomy. The stage known as Autonomy vs. Doubt/Shame is where toddlers get the independence stage, as well as feel that they can control their surroundings.

10. The individual in this scenario seems to be undergoing the Stagnation vs. Generativity stage according to the Eriksons Development Psychosocial Stages. The stage is the point where a person tends to reflect on their lives and try to formulate ways to contribute back to society (Newman, & Newman, 2017). Individuals who fail to accomplish this particular stage in their lives experience stagnation.

11. According to the Eriksons Development Psychosocial Stages, the sixty-year-old is undergoing the Integrity vs. Despair stage. A stage that a person also looks back on the life they have lived and either regret or have the accomplishment sense based on the success of the stage.

References

Etebarian, A., Darban, M. Z., & Damirchi, Q. V. (2013). Work life cycle on Erikson's psychosocial growth cycle. Advances in Environmental Biology, 7(9), 2348-2013.

Kuiper, N., Kirsh, G., & Maiolino, N. (2016). Identity and Intimacy Development, Humor Styles, and Psychological Well-Being. Identity, 16(2), 115-125.

Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (2017). Development through life: A psychosocial approach. Cengage Learning.