Annotated Bibliography on Paper-Based Versus Computer-Based Assessment - Paper Example

Clariana, R. B., & Wallace, P. E. (2002). Paper-based versus computer-based assessment: Key factors associated with the test mode effect. British Journal of Educational Technology, 33(5), 595-604

The findings of this research elaborated that paper-based and computer-based tests even with identical items would not precisely yield similar results. Instead, institutions in conjunction with its instructors should invest more time and effort focusing on test mode effects. For high-quality tests to be realized, more time and effort must be dedicated. However, the authors recommend for the provision of scaling information to allow for computer-based and paper-based tests to be equated.

Piaw, C. Y. (2012). Replacing paper-based testing with computer-based testing in assessment: Are we doing wrong? Social and Behavioral Sciences 64(1), 655-664, DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.077.

This study was conducted to determine the validity of Computer-based tests and its effects on test performance and motivation. Computer-based tests proved more advantageous as opposed to paper-based tests since their heightened the student's motivation and willingness to be tested. They also produced more valid results for repeated test measures thus increasing participation rate. Therefore, the researchers concluded that computer-based tests could gradually replace paper-based tests.

Hosseini, M., Abidin, M. J. Z., Baghdarnia, M.(2014).Comparability of test results of Computer-Based Tests (CBT) and Paper and Pencil Tests (PPT) among English language learners in Iran. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 98(1), 659-667, DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.465

This research led to findings that both tests were affected by some factors such a time limits, motivation levels and anxiety. The research findings concluded that the computer-based tests are relatively shorter than the paper-based ones and therefore a considerable time limit to be given for the paper-based tests or to consider having no time limit at all. The paper-based tests require the students to be more actively involved in writing while the computer-based tests are more automated and do not need much input. Computer-based tests are increasingly being used in most schools and would gradually replace the paper-based tests given the technological advancement experienced in the country.

Candrlic, S., Katic, M. A.,&Dlab, M. H. (2014).Online vs. Paper-Based Testing: A comparison of test results. Opatija: 37th International Convention onInformation and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics, DOI: 10.1109/MIPRO.2014.6859649Candrlic et al. precisely present the outcomes of research on conventional paper-based testing versus online modes of testing. Issues that emerge from the study include distractions by high-speed internet, security concerns, and the adherence to testing standards observed offline using pen-and-paper testing methods. The authors conclude that the use of online-based testing, when properly executed, can be used in the place of paper-based tests without significantly affecting the ability of students to take them and receive correct scores.

Molnar, G., Toth, K. R., &Csapo, B. (2011).Comparing paper-based and computer-based testing in the first grade., New Orleans: Round Table on Uncovering the Promise and Pitfalls of Computerized and Adaptive Testing in Action

The researchers on this study sought to address questions arising from the widespread use of computers in administering academic tests. Their primary concern was with reliability and validity of computer-based tools, especially since there are no past experiences on which to solve any issues arising. Their findings suggest that using computer-based testing, whether offline or online, affects the grades of students tested and also recommending that systems used in the experiment undergo expert vetting to ensure adherence to the highest qualities.

Ita, M. E., Kecskemety, K. M., Ashley, K. E., &Morin, B.(2014)Comparing student performance on computer-based vs. paper-based tests in a first-year engineering course. Indianapolis: 121st American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition

Findings of this research show that students preferred paper-based tests to computer-based tests. A more detailed and in-depth analysis is required to determine why the preference towards paper-based tests exists and what is it about these tests that the students preferred despite having no performance difference between the two. The students' choice for paper-based tests is yet to be determined as it took place during the final exam.

Mills, C. N., Potenza, M. T., Fremer, J. J., &Ward, W. C. (2005). Computer-based testing: building the foundation for future assessments. Abingdon: Routledge

Teachers have used computer-based tests for quite some years did prove successful though with some problems. Psychometrics who rely on test results seemed to have more confidence in traditional forms of assessments rather than computer-based tests leading to an evaluation by 200 professionals to determine the current and future status of computer-based tests. The agenda led to the creation of 3 main segments; Test models, Test Administration and Test Analysis and Scoring to aid in identifying critical issues and priorities for a Computer-Based Research agendas.

Lim, E., Ong, B., Wilder-Smith, E., &Seet, R. (2006). Computer-based versus pen-and-paper testing: Students perception. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, 35(9), 599-603

This study by the grade 6 students is to better understand and outline the media effects in a curriculum independent competency field. The researchers address the factors that affect the observed preferences for computer-based testing over pen-and-paper by students, which include the value added to recollection by graphics such as images in computer-based testing, and the novelty of doing tests in a non-traditional format.

Bartram, D. (2006) Testing on the internet: Issues, challenges, and opportunities in the field of occupational assessment.New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Ltd

The Internet allows for a better distribution of materials and collection of data and management of the assessment process to the more significant advantage of researchers. Researchers are also better exposed to a broader range of services well matched with their needs and a better support system. However, there was a significant concern raised over unsupervised modes of test administration. The lack of supervision has brought about compromising the security of the said tests. A radical review of our conception of assessments needs to be done to iron out relationships between practice tests and roles in cyberspace.

Moon, John L. (2013).Comparability of online and Paper/Pencil Mathematics Performance Measures: Public Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences. 168.

This was a study aimed at identifying the relationship between student mathematics performance of specific grades and their mode of test administration; whether online or paper-pencil methods. The researchers used hierarchical linear modeling to adjust for different clusters of students.

Gordon, Austen M., (2015) Paper-Based Testing vs. Mobile Device Based Testing in an EFL Environment: Whats the Difference? Culminating Projects in English.Paper 38.

The research was done to determine any difference in performance due to a change in testing mediums. A mobile phone works more like a handheld personal computer due to the capabilities it gives the user to access files and conducts other operations done by computers. The researchers tested the capacity of a mobile phone to enable students to take tests online; results indicated that mobile devise testing is preferred by students and will enable them to perform better than while they use paper-based tests.

References

Gordon, Austen M., (2015) Paper-Based Testing vs. Mobile Device Based Testing in an EFL Environment: Whats the Difference? Culminating Projects in English.Paper 38.

Moon, John L. (2013).Comparability of online and Paper/Pencil Mathematics Performance Measures: Public Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences. 168.

Bartram, D. (2006) Testing on the internet: Issues, challenges, and opportunities in the field of occupational assessment.New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Lim, E., Ong, B., Wilder-Smith, E., &Seet, R. (2006). Computer-based versus pen-and-paper testing: Students perception. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, 35(9), 599-603

Mills, C. N., Potenza, M. T., Fremer, J. J., &Ward, W. C. (2005). Computer-based testing: building the foundation for future assessments. Abingdon: Routledge

Ita, M. E., Kecskemety, K. M., Ashley, K. E., &Morin, B.(2014)Comparing student performance on computer-based vs. paper-based tests in a first-year engineering course. Indianapolis: 121st American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition

Molnar, G., Toth, K. R., &Csapo, B. (2011).Comparing paper-based and computer-based testing in the first grade., New Orleans: Round Table on Uncovering the Promise and Pitfalls of Computerized and Adaptive Testing in Action

Candrlic, S., Katic, M. A.,&Dlab, M. H. (2014).Online vs. Paper-Based Testing: A comparison of test results. Opatija: 37th International Convention onInformation and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics, DOI: 10.1109/MIPRO.2014.6859649Hosseini, M., Abidin, M. J. Z., Baghdarnia, M.(2014).Comparability of test results of Computer-Based Tests (CBT) and Paper and Pencil Tests (PPT) among English language learners in Iran. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 98(1), 659-667, DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.465

Piaw, C. Y. (2012). Replacing paper-based testing with computer-based testing in assessment: Are we doing wrong? Social and Behavioral Sciences 64(1), 655-664, DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.077.

Clariana, R. B., & Wallace, P. E. (2002). Paper-based versus computer-based assessment: Key factors associated with the test mode effect. British Journal of Educational Technology, 33(5), 595-604